THEORIES OF CRIMINALIZATION AND PREVENTION

Автор(и)

  • Peter-Alexis Albrecht Інститут кримінально-правових наук та філософії права, Університет Гете, Німеччина

Ключові слова:

criminalization, penal theories, absolute penal theories, relative, criminal theories

Анотація

In the article the problem of determining the theories of peno-legal social controls. They usually are called «penal theories» or criminalization theories. Penal theories are not theories about punishment but rather rationalizations of punishment. On the one hand, we are dealing with absolute penal theories which go back to the legal-philosophical works of Kant and Hegel. Here, the idea of a generally binding justice based on «natural law» is the focus according to which the justification of punishment lies primarily in the restitution of guilt. Its purpose lies in the restoration of the legal order, in the realization of justice. In contrast to this, the relative criminal theories favor the purpose of prevention. They assume that crimes are socially harmful. The goal of punishment is then criminal prevention, which is to be achieved by resocializing or securing the perpetrator. The effective penal law and jurisprudence of the courts, as explained by the Federal Constitutional Court mainly follow the so-called unification theory which, with varying foci, attempts to unite all purposes of punishment in a balanced relationship to one another.

Біографія автора

Peter-Alexis Albrecht, Інститут кримінально-правових наук та філософії права, Університет Гете

професор, доктор філософії

Посилання

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On this, cf. BVerfGE 105, 135 ff.

Representative of many, cf. Geyer, Hirnforschung und Willensfreiheit –Zur Deutung der neuesten Experimente, 2004.

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Cf. Albrecht, P.‑A., Spezialprävention angesichts neuer Tätergruppen,ZStW 97 (1985), p. 832.

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Müller-Tuckfeld, Integrationsprävention, 1998, p. 6; Zipf, DieIntegrationsprävention (positive Generalprävention), in: Pallin-Festschrift 1989,p. 481.

BVerfGE 45, 187, 256.

BGHSt 24, 40, 46; cf. also § 56 Para. 3 StGB.

Hassemer, Einführung in die Grundlagen des Strafrechts, 2nd edition,1990, p. 316 ff.

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2017-05-15

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